ASIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS

An International Peer Reviewed Research Journal
Frequency : Monthly,
ISSN : 0971 – 3093
Editor-In-Chief (Hon.) :
Dr. V.K. Rastogi
e-mail:[email protected]
[email protected]

AJP ISSN : 0971 – 3093
Vol 28, No 5, May, 2019

Asian
Journal of Physics

(A Publication Not for Profit)
Volume 28, No 5 (2019)

CONTENTS

 

Editorial

 Guest Editorial

 About the Guest Editors

 On the algorithms in phase-shift interferometry
Rajpal Sirohi 

275

What is “Wrong” with Current Theoretical Physicists?
Francis T S Yu                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         285

Shades and Reflections of Light
Rajpal Sirohi                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           309

Determination of third-order nonlinear optical response of uracil derivatives using Z-scan technique
Elizabeth, I Hubert Joe, M A Palafox and V K Rastogi 

319

Vibrational spectral study and molecular docking analysis of anticancerous drug:5-Fluorouracil: A Review
S P Singh, Prem Kumar, A Milton Franklin Benial, M A Palafox, Kaushal Rani Nagar and V K Rastogi 

329

 

Asian Journal of Physics

Vol. 28 No 5 (2019) 275-283

On the algorithms in phase-shift interferometry

 Rajpal Sirohi

Physics Department

Alabama A&M University, Huntsville AL 35802, USA

A number of phase-shift algorithms exist in literature. These are categorized as 3-step, 4-step, 5-step etc. with different but constant values of phase steps. In this paper, it is shown that many of them can be deduced from the generalized theory under each category in literature. © Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Algorithms, Interferometry, Interferogram, Aberrated wavefront

DOI: 10.54955.AJP.28.5.2019.275-283

References

  1. Malacara Daniel (ed), Optical Shop Testing, 3rdEdn, (Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York), 2007.
  2. Sirohi Rajpal S (ed), Speckle Metrology, (Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York),1993.
  3. Schreiber Horst, Bruning John H, Phase Shifting Interferometry, in Optical Shop Testing, Malacara Daniel (ed), (Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York), 2007,pp 547-666.
  4. Creath K, Phase-Measurement Interferometry Techniques, in: Progress in OpticsVol XXVI, E. Wolf Ed, Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam), 1988, pp  349-393
  5. Greivenkamp J E, Generalized Data Reduction for Heterodyne Interferometry, Opt Eng, 23(1984)350-352.
  6. Wyant J C, Koliopoulos C L, Bhushan B, George O E, An Optical Profilometer for Surface Characterization of Magnetic Media, ASLE Trans, 27(1984)101-113.
  7. Wizinowich P L, Phase shifting interferometry in the presence of vibration: a new algorithm and system, Appl Opt, 29(1900)3211-3279.
  8. Carre ́ P, Installation et utilisation du comparateur photoélectrique et Interférentiel du Bureau International des Poids et Measures, Metrologia, 2(1966)13-23.
  9. Hariharan P, Oreb B F, Eiju T, Digital Phase-Shifting Interferometry: A Simple Error-Compensating Phase Calculation Algorithm, Appl Opt, 26(1987)2504-2504.
  10. Larkin K G, Oreb B F, Design, Assessment of Symmetrical Phase-Shifting Algorithms, J Opt Soc Am A, 9(1992) 1740-1748.
  11. Surrel Y, Design of Algorithms for Phase Measurements by the Use of Phase Stepping, Appl Opt, 35(1996)51-60.
  12. Hibino K, Oreb B F, Farrant D I, Larkin K G, Phase Shifting for Nonsinusoidal Waveforms With Phase-Shift Errors, J Opt Soc Am A, 12(1995)761-768.

On the algorithms in phase-shift interferometry.pdf

Rajpal Sirohi

 

Asian Journal of Physics

Vol. 28 No 5 (2019) 285-307

What is “Wrong” with Current Theoretical Physicists?

Francis T S Yu
Emeritus Evan Pugh (University) Professor of Electrical Engineering
Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

Theoretical physics uses amazing mathematical paradigm and added with fantastic computer animation provides very convincing results. But mathematical modeling and computer animation are virtual and fictitious, for which many of analytical solutions are not physically real. What is wrong with current theoretical physicists is that they have used mostly a timeless (t = 0) mathematical subspace for their analyses that is not existed within our temporal (t > 0) universe. The reason is: It is not how rigorous and fancies the mathematics (or computer simulation) are; it is the essence of a physical realizable paradigm. For instance; timeless (t = 0) model has been used since the beginning of science; although it has produced uncountable excellent results but, it has also produced many solutions that are timeless (t = 0) or non-existent solutions within our temporal (t > 0) universe. In this article, I will give a few evidences where  the theoretical analyses done by the world renowned theoretical scientists; past and present, have done something wrong to physics. Yet, theoretical physicists were and still are the creators for all the fundamental laws and principles of physics, it is their “responsibility” to take us back to the physically realizable world of science; otherwise we will be still trapped within a virtual timeless (t = 0) land of mathematics. © Anita Publications. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Theoretical Physics, Temporal Space, Timeless Space, Virtual Space, Newtonian Space, Physical Realizable, Quantum Mechanics, Cosmology, Relativity.

 

Asian Journal of Physics

Vol. 28 No 5 (2019) 309-317

Shades and Reflections of Light

 Rajpal Sirohi

Alabama A&M University, Huntsville, USA

The paper endeavours the history of light and optics from the early Greek period and discusses the contributions made by philosophers and later by scientists in understanding the properties of light. Many of the thoughts expressed by Philosophers and Scientists about the nature of light have been taken from the Internet. © Anita Publications. All rights reserved.

Keywords: EM spectrum, Rectilinear propagation, Reflection, Refraction

DOI: 10.54955.AJP.28.5.2019.309-317

References

  1.   Raha S, Sinha B, Sinha D K, Mukherjee S P, History of Science in India, (The Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture, Kolkata), 2014.

  2.   Einstein A, Zum gegenwärtigen Stand des Strahlungsproblem, Physikalische Zeitschrift, 10(1909)185-193.

  3.   Raman C V, Nagendra Nath N S, The diffraction of light by high frequency sound waves: Part I, Proc Indian Acad Sci, A2(1936)406-412

  4.   Einstein A, Strahlungs-emission und -absorption nach der Quantentheorie, Verh der Deutsch Phys Gesell, 18(1916)318-323.

  5.   Gordon J P, Zeiger H J, Townes C H, Molecular Microwave Oscillator and New Hyperfine Structure in the Microwave Spectrum of NH3Phys Rev, 95(1954)282-284.

  6.   Maiman T H, Stimulated Optical Radiation in Ruby, Nature, 187(1960)493-494.

  7.   Javan A, Bennett W R(Jr), Herriott D R, Population Inversion and Continuous Optical Maser Oscillation in a Gas Discharge Containing a He-Ne Mixture, Phys Rev Letts, 6(1961)106-110.

  8.   White A D, Rigden J D, Continuous gas maser operation in the visible, Proc IRE, 50(1962), 1697; doi.org/10.1109/JRPROC.1962.288018 0096-8390.

  9.   Stetson K A, Powell R L, Interferometric Vibration Analysis by Wavefront Reconstruction, J Opt Soc Am, 55(1965)1593-1598.

10.   Brown B R, Lohmann A W, Complex Spatial Filtering with Binary Masks, Appl Opt, 5(1966)967-969.

11.   Leendertz J A, Interferometric displacement measurement on scattering surfaces utilizing speckle effect, J Phys E (Sci Instrum), 3(1970)214-218.

12.   Pierre Ambs, Optical Computing: A 60-Year Adventure, Advances in Optical Technologies, Volume 2010, Article ID 372652, doi:10.1155/2010/372652

13.   Kao K C, Hockham G A, Dielectric-fibre surface waveguides for optical frequencies, Proc IEE, 113(1966)1151-1158; doi. 10.1049/piee.1966.0189

14.   Franken P A, Hill A E, Peters C W, Weinreich G, Generation of optical harmonics, Phys Rev Letts,7(1961)118-119.

15.   Korpel Adrianus, Acousto-Optics – A Review of Fundamentals, Proc IEEE, 69(1981)48-53; doi. 10.1109/PROC.1981.11919

16.   Holonyak N (Jr), Bevacqua S F, Coherent (visible) light emission from Ga(As1-xPx) junctions, Appl Phys Letts, 1(1962)82-83.

17.   Nakamura S, Mukai T, Senoh M, Candela-Class High-Brightness InGaN/AlGaN Double-Heterostructure Blue-Light-Emitting-Diodes, Appl Phys Letts, 64(1994)1687-1689.

18.   Charge-coupled device – Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Charge-coupled_device

Shades and Reflections of Light.pdf

Rajpal Sirohi